1、 The purpose and characteristics of the equipment:

1. Used for conducting thermal balance tests and thermal vacuum tests on various space equipment.

2. Basic requirements

3. Manufacturers of space environment testing equipment have High design and manufacturing capabilities and are well-known domestic brands;

4. Meet the standards:

QJ 20127 Technical Requirements for Spacecraft Space Thermal Environment Test Equipment;

GJB 1033 Spacecraft Thermal Balance Test Method;

Test requirements for GJB 1027 carrier, upper stage, and spacecraft;

GJB 2209 Specification for Geosynchronous Orbit Satellite Transponder;

GJB 2042 Satellite Power System Specification;

QJ 1446 Satellite Thermal Vacuum Test Method.

5. Excellent after-sales service and quality assurance should be provided, and the entire machine is guaranteed for 3 years from the date of acceptance.

This equipment is mainly used for high and low temperature tests and low-pressure discharge tests under high vacuum conditions, and can also be used as a simulation test equipment for other small components in orbit.

6. This technical solution is developed based on the technical requirements of the central thermal vacuum testing equipment (mechanical refrigeration). This technical solution is one of the basis for designing and manufacturing the equipment. This equipment includes five aspects: thermal vacuum simulation container, vacuum protection system, high and low temperature protection system, thermal vacuum state control and display system, and auxiliary supporting system. The equipment developed based on this technical solution can truly simulate the cold and hot environment of a vacuum space, and can effectively control, monitor, and record the vacuum degree and temperature of the space. The device has the following characteristics.

7. The entire equipment vacuum system adopts a low-temperature pump as the main pump, with a screw dry pump as the front stage and pre pumping pump, which can achieve the required working vacuum degree for oil-free testing; In terms of temperature control, mechanical refrigeration is used to obtain a low-temperature background, and advanced intelligent PID temperature controllers are used to control the heating current of the heating cage, thereby accurately controlling the temperature; The acquisition of low temperature adopts a unique mechanical refrigeration technology, which eliminates the cost of using liquid nitrogen refrigeration. The control system adopts a combination of industrial computer and PLC for joint control. The display interface of the industrial computer is clear and easy to understand, the PLC control is accurate and reliable, and the fault diagnosis is simple. In addition, different temperature curve formulas can be made according to the user's process requirements, stored in the industrial computer, and available for users to choose and call during the experiment, making it easy for users to master when conducting experimental operations. In summary, this equipment has high vacuum degree, easy temperature control and good uniformity, stable and reliable long-term operation, and can work continuously for more than 30 days. It is easy and convenient to operate and use. This device has certain specificity and universality, and is an essential equipment for space environment simulation experiments.

2、 Components of Equipment Design

1. Vacuum simulation container (vacuum chamber and internal support)

2. Vacuum protection system (vacuum pump, valve, pipeline, and vacuum measurement)

3. Temperature guarantee system:

Low temperature refrigeration system: (regional temperature control refrigeration unit+liquid nitrogen refrigeration, heat sink, low-temperature valve and connecting pipe)

Heating and temperature control system: (heating cage, heating power supply), heating cage, vacuum sealed heating electrode, transformer, voltage regulating module, temperature control box

4. Control and monitoring system (cabinet, industrial computer, PLC).

5. Auxiliary supporting systems (air pump, cooling circulating water machine, pollution monitoring)

3、 Main technical indicators of equipment system (excerpt)

Vacuum degree parameter

1. Internal dimensions of the main heat sink: φ 2m * 4m (length)

2. Equipment usage environment: temperature 0 ℃~40 ℃, humidity ≤ 60%;

3. The total power consumption of the equipment is expected to be 120kw/380V

Equipment lighting system; The lighting intensity shall not be less than 200LX, and the protection level shall be IP67

4. Temperature control platform: Thermal oil process;

5. Temperature range of the inner surface of the heat sink: ≥- 150~+160℃

6. Working vacuum degree: ≤ 1.3X10-3 Pa; (at room temperature, with load);

7. No load limit vacuum degree: ≤ 2X10-5 Pa; (Low temperature, no load);

8. High temperature no-load vacuum degree: ≤ 5X10-4Pa(100℃，3～4h)

9. Vacuum degree time< 4h

10. The total leakage rate of helium mass spectrometry leak detection for hot vacuum tank body is ≤ 1e-9Pa * m& sup3;/ s;

When the heat sink is at room temperature, the pressure inside the vacuum tank can reach 1.33X10-4Pa within 4 hours after the high vacuum pump starts pumping

The pressure can be maintained at a constant value within the range of 12.1000Pa~1.0Pa, and it should be pumped from atmospheric pressure to 1Pa for no more than 20 minutes

Test piece temperature

13. Controllable temperature range for heat sink: -150 ℃~160 ℃; Liquid nitrogen refrigeration+infrared heating cage, or mechanical refrigeration can also be used

It is recommended to use mechanical refrigeration, which can save a lot of operating costs.

14. Temperature display accuracy: 0.1 ℃;

15. Temperature fluctuation: ≤ ±1℃;

16. Temperature uniformity: High temperature constant temperature for 2 hours, temperature uniformity ± 3 ℃

Low temperature constant temperature for 2 hours, temperature uniformity ± 5 ℃;

Heat sink index (bottom plate index)

1. Gas nitrogen process (external heat flow):

Heat sink heating and cooling rate ≥ 1 ℃/min

Temperature range of the inner surface of the heat sink:- 150~+160℃

Uniformity of heat sink temperature: ± 2 ℃

Temperature control precision of temperature control base plate: ± 0.5 ℃

2. Liquid nitrogen process:

Heat sink temperature rate: ≥ 1 ℃/min (-150 ℃~+160 ℃).

Temperature controlled base plate

1. Temperature control process of thermal oil:

Effective temperature control zone: 1.0X1.2m2 x 2

Temperature range of temperature control base plate:- 75℃～+130℃;

Temperature uniformity of temperature control base plate: ± 2 ℃;

Temperature control precision of temperature control base plate: ± 0.5 ℃

Heating and cooling rate: The average temperature change rate of the heat sink and bottom plate (within the range of -45 ℃ to+85 ℃) is ≥ 3 ℃/min;

After the equipment reaches the end temperature during temperature rise and fall operation, the temperature overshoot is less than 2 ℃, and the temperature stabilization time is less than or equal to; 30min;

The bottom plate is easy to disassemble and has a load-bearing capacity of not less than 200kg.

2. Liquid nitrogen process:

Heat sink temperature rate: ≥ 3 ℃/min (-75 ℃~+130 ℃).

Configure the track inside the tank, with a load capacity of ≥ 1000kg (calculated based on a net weight of 500kg for the satellite), and hang a set of tracks inside the tank with a load capacity of ≥ 700kg;

3、 Main technical indicators of equipment system (excerpt)

Vacuum degree parameter

1. Internal dimensions of the main heat sink: φ 2m * 4m (length)

2. Equipment usage environment: temperature 0 ℃~40 ℃, humidity ≤ 60%;

3. The total power consumption of the equipment is expected to be 120kw/380V

Equipment lighting system; The lighting intensity shall not be less than 200LX, and the protection level shall be IP67

4. Temperature control platform: Thermal oil process;

5. Temperature range of the inner surface of the heat sink: ≥- 150~+160℃

6. Working vacuum degree: ≤ 1.3X10-3 Pa; (at room temperature, with load);

7. No load limit vacuum degree: ≤ 2X10-5 Pa; (Low temperature, no load);

8. High temperature no-load vacuum degree: ≤ 5X10-4Pa(100℃，3～4h)

9. Vacuum degree time< 4h

10. The total leakage rate of helium mass spectrometry leak detection for hot vacuum tank body is ≤ 1e-9Pa * m& sup3;/ s;

When the heat sink is at room temperature, the pressure inside the vacuum tank can reach 1.33X10-4Pa within 4 hours after the high vacuum pump starts pumping

The pressure can be maintained at a constant value within the range of 12.1000Pa~1.0Pa, and it should be pumped from atmospheric pressure to 1Pa for no more than 20 minutes

Test piece temperature

13. Controllable temperature range for heat sink: -150 ℃~160 ℃; Liquid nitrogen refrigeration+infrared heating cage, or mechanical refrigeration can also be used

It is recommended to use mechanical refrigeration, which can save a lot of operating costs.

14. Temperature display accuracy: 0.1 ℃;

15. Temperature fluctuation: ≤ ±1℃;

16. Temperature uniformity: High temperature constant temperature for 2 hours, temperature uniformity ± 3 ℃

Low temperature constant temperature for 2 hours, temperature uniformity ± 5 ℃;

Heat sink index (bottom plate index)

1. Gas nitrogen process (external heat flow):

Heat sink heating and cooling rate ≥ 1 ℃/min

Temperature range of the inner surface of the heat sink:- 150~+160℃

Uniformity of heat sink temperature: ± 2 ℃

Temperature control precision of temperature control base plate: ± 0.5 ℃

2. Liquid nitrogen process:

Heat sink temperature rate: ≥ 1 ℃/min (-150 ℃~+160 ℃).

Temperature controlled base plate

1. Temperature control process of thermal oil:

Effective temperature control zone: 1.0X1.2m2 x 2

Temperature range of temperature control base plate:- 75℃～+130℃;

Temperature uniformity of temperature control base plate: ± 2 ℃;

Temperature control precision of temperature control base plate: ± 0.5 ℃

Heating and cooling rate: The average temperature change rate of the heat sink and bottom plate (within the range of -45 ℃ to+85 ℃) is ≥ 3 ℃/min;

After the equipment reaches the end temperature during temperature rise and fall operation, the temperature overshoot is less than 2 ℃, and the temperature stabilization time is less than or equal to; 30min;

The bottom plate is easy to disassemble and has a load-bearing capacity of not less than 200kg.

2. Liquid nitrogen process:

Heat sink temperature rate: ≥ 3 ℃/min (-75 ℃~+130 ℃).

Configure the track inside the tank, with a load capacity of ≥ 1000kg (calculated based on a net weight of 500kg for the satellite), and hang a set of tracks inside the tank with a load capacity of ≥ 700kg;

　4、 Structure section

1. The test chamber container is designed as a vacuum container and has a horizontal circular cylindrical structure. It is supported by a support frame at the bottom, which directly lands on the ground

2. The vacuum chamber adopts a horizontal stainless steel vacuum container (made of SUS304 stainless steel, with a thickness of 16mm), and the inner side is

Mirror polishing, white spray coating on the outside; The vacuum chamber is equipped with low-pressure lighting, with a brightness of not less than 200 lumens. Vacuum chamber with built-in cargo platform

The platform.

Configure the track inside the tank, and set two parallel guide rails inside the heat sink. The top height of the guide rails is about 60cm below the centerline of the heat sink (safe installation will be carried out in the later stage of development, and the guide rail design will be confirmed by the demand side). The guide rail can bear a load of ≥ 3 tons.

Configure the lifting and unloading vehicle to complete the installation and docking between the test piece (about 3 tons) and the guide rail,

Install separate guide rails and a temperature control platform for each zone. The temperature control platform can be removed or does not affect the entry and exit of the 3-ton test piece.

Reserve at least 100 temperature measurement terminals for backup by the purchaser, and the selection and length of the temperature measurement terminals shall be confirmed by the purchaser

Reserve at least 100 temperature measurement terminals for backup by the purchaser, and the selection and length of the temperature measurement terminals shall be confirmed by the purchaser

Observation window size: φ300mm， Install one at the center position of the front head of the vacuum container (or according to customer requirements), and install one on one side of the tank perpendicular to the axis direction of the tank to facilitate observation of the situation inside the container during the test

Special aerospace black paint is sprayed on the surface, with a solar absorption coefficient of ≥ 0.90 and a hemispherical emissivity of ≥ 0.90, and it does not peel off within the temperature range of 100K to 150 ℃.

Through holes should be reserved on the cold plate; The loading platform has a pull-out function and can be used for assembling test pieces outside of cabin 54. The vacuum container is a horizontal cylindrical shape;

The vacuum container and internal structural materials are made of 0Gr18Ni9 stainless steel, the external structural components are made of carbon steel, and the outside of the container is treated with spray paint;

The inner wall of the vacuum container is polished (0.8um), and 8 necessary flange holes are opened on the wall (4 on each side), including the inlet and outlet interfaces of the nitrogen packaging system, vacuum pumping interface, vacuum gauge interface, temperature measurement and control interface, inflation interface, and other flanges.

1、 The purpose and characteristics of the equipment:

1. Used for conducting thermal balance tests and thermal vacuum tests on various space equipment.

2. Basic requirements

3. Manufacturers of space environment testing equipment have high design and manufacturing capabilities and are well-known domestic brands;

4. Meet the standards:

QJ 20127 Technical Requirements for Spacecraft Space Thermal Environment Test Equipment;

GJB 1033 Spacecraft Thermal Balance Test Method;

Test requirements for GJB 1027 carrier, upper stage, and spacecraft;

GJB 2209 Specification for Geosynchronous Orbit Satellite Transponder;

GJB 2042 Satellite Power System Specification;

QJ 1446 Satellite Thermal Vacuum Test Method.

5. Excellent after-sales service and quality assurance should be provided, and the entire machine is guaranteed for 3 years from the date of acceptance.

This equipment is mainly used for high and low temperature tests and low-pressure discharge tests under high vacuum conditions, and can also be used as a simulation test equipment for other small components in orbit.

6. This technical solution is developed based on the technical requirements of the central thermal vacuum testing equipment (mechanical refrigeration). This technical solution is one of the basis for designing and manufacturing the equipment. This equipment includes five aspects: thermal vacuum simulation container, vacuum protection system, high and low temperature protection system, thermal vacuum state control and display system, and auxiliary supporting system. The equipment developed based on this technical solution can truly simulate the cold and hot environment of a vacuum space, and can effectively control, monitor, and record the vacuum degree and temperature of the space. The device has the following characteristics.

7. The entire equipment vacuum system adopts a low-temperature pump as the main pump, with a screw dry pump as the front stage and pre pumping pump, which can achieve the required working vacuum degree for oil-free testing; In terms of temperature control, mechanical refrigeration is used to obtain a low-temperature background, and advanced intelligent PID temperature controllers are used to control the heating current of the heating cage, thereby accurately controlling the temperature; The acquisition of low temperature adopts a unique mechanical refrigeration technology, which eliminates the cost of using liquid nitrogen refrigeration. The control system adopts a combination of industrial computer and PLC for joint control. The display interface of the industrial computer is clear and easy to understand, the PLC control is accurate and reliable, and the fault diagnosis is simple. In addition, different temperature curve formulas can be made according to the user's process requirements, stored in the industrial computer, and available for users to choose and call during the experiment, making it easy for users to master when conducting experimental operations. In summary, this equipment has high vacuum degree, easy temperature control and good uniformity, stable and reliable long-term operation, and can work continuously for more than 30 days. It is easy and convenient to operate and use. This device has certain specificity and universality, and is an essential equipment for space environment simulation experiments.

2、 Components of Equipment Design

1. Vacuum simulation container (vacuum chamber and internal support)

2. Vacuum protection system (vacuum pump, valve, pipeline, and vacuum measurement)

3. Temperature guarantee system:

Low temperature refrigeration system: (regional temperature control refrigeration unit+liquid nitrogen refrigeration, heat sink, low-temperature valve and connecting pipe)

Heating and temperature control system: (heating cage, heating power supply), heating cage, vacuum sealed heating electrode, transformer, voltage regulating module, temperature control box

4. Control and monitoring system (cabinet, industrial computer, PLC).

5. Auxiliary supporting systems (air pump, cooling circulating water machine, pollution monitoring)

3、 Main technical indicators of equipment system (excerpt)

Vacuum degree parameter

1. Internal dimensions of the main heat sink: φ 2m * 4m (length)

2. Equipment usage environment: temperature 0 ℃~40 ℃, humidity ≤ 60%;

3. The total power consumption of the equipment is expected to be 120kw/380V

Equipment lighting system; The lighting intensity shall not be less than 200LX, and the protection level shall be IP67

4. Temperature control platform: Thermal oil process;

5. Temperature range of the inner surface of the heat sink: ≥- 150~+160℃

6. Working vacuum degree: ≤ 1.3X10-3 Pa; (at room temperature, with load);

7. No load limit vacuum degree: ≤ 2X10-5 Pa; (Low temperature, no load);

8. High temperature no-load vacuum degree: ≤ 5X10-4Pa(100℃，3～4h)

9. Vacuum degree time< 4h

10. The total leakage rate of helium mass spectrometry leak detection for hot vacuum tank body is ≤ 1e-9Pa * m& sup3;/ s;

When the heat sink is at room temperature, the pressure inside the vacuum tank can reach 1.33X10-4Pa within 4 hours after the high vacuum pump starts pumping

The pressure can be maintained at a constant value within the range of 12.1000Pa~1.0Pa, and it should be pumped from atmospheric pressure to 1Pa for no more than 20 minutes

Test piece temperature

13. Controllable temperature range for heat sink: -150 ℃~160 ℃; Liquid nitrogen refrigeration+infrared heating cage, or mechanical refrigeration can also be used

It is recommended to use mechanical refrigeration, which can save a lot of operating costs.

14. Temperature display accuracy: 0.1 ℃;

15. Temperature fluctuation: ≤ ±1℃;

16. Temperature uniformity: High temperature constant temperature for 2 hours, temperature uniformity ± 3 ℃

Low temperature constant temperature for 2 hours, temperature uniformity ± 5 ℃;

Heat sink index (bottom plate index)

1. Gas nitrogen process (external heat flow):

Heat sink heating and cooling rate ≥ 1 ℃/min

Temperature range of the inner surface of the heat sink:- 150~+160℃

Uniformity of heat sink temperature: ± 2 ℃

Temperature control precision of temperature control base plate: ± 0.5 ℃

2. Liquid nitrogen process:

Heat sink temperature rate: ≥ 1 ℃/min (-150 ℃~+160 ℃).

Temperature controlled base plate

1. Temperature control process of thermal oil:

Effective temperature control zone: 1.0X1.2m2 x 2

Temperature range of temperature control base plate:- 75℃～+130℃;

Temperature uniformity of temperature control base plate: ± 2 ℃;

Temperature control precision of temperature control base plate: ± 0.5 ℃

Heating and cooling rate: The average temperature change rate of the heat sink and bottom plate (within the range of -45 ℃ to+85 ℃) is ≥ 3 ℃/min;

After the equipment reaches the end temperature during temperature rise and fall operation, the temperature overshoot is less than 2 ℃, and the temperature stabilization time is less than or equal to; 30min;

The bottom plate is easy to disassemble and has a load-bearing capacity of not less than 200kg.

2. Liquid nitrogen process:

Heat sink temperature rate: ≥ 3 ℃/min (-75 ℃~+130 ℃).

Configure the track inside the tank, with a load capacity of ≥ 1000kg (calculated based on a net weight of 500kg for the satellite), and hang a set of tracks inside the tank with a load capacity of ≥ 700kg;